What type of maintenance task is 'firmware updates' in RAWS equipment?

In the context of RAWS (Remote Automated Weather Stations) equipment, firmware updates are classified as software maintenance tasks. These updates are designed to enhance the performance of the equipment and address any software bugs that may have been identified since the last update. Firmware is a specific type of software that provides low-level control for a device's specific hardware. Therefore, by updating the firmware, one improves the hardware's functionality, ensuring that the equipment operates efficiently and effectively. This type of maintenance is crucial for keeping the RAWS system operational and current with the latest enhancements or security measures.

The other options represent different types of maintenance tasks that do not align with the nature of firmware updates. Hardware maintenance focuses on physical components, routine cleaning pertains to the upkeep of sensors, and calibration involves adjusting instruments for accurate measurements. Each of these tasks serves a specific purpose but does not encompass the software improvements that firmware updates provide.