What are the two major categories of sensors found in RAWS?

The correct response identifies "Meteorological and hydrological sensors" as the two major categories of sensors found in the RAWS (Remote Automated Weather Station) system. These categories are fundamental to the purpose of RAWS, which is to measure and report weather conditions for various applications, including wildfire monitoring and environmental research.

Meteorological sensors are designed to collect atmospheric data such as temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction, atmospheric pressure, and precipitation. These measurements are essential for understanding weather patterns and assisting in forecasting and decision-making related to weather-sensitive operations.

Hydrological sensors, on the other hand, monitor water-related parameters such as soil moisture levels, river levels, and groundwater conditions. This information can be critical for managing water resources, understanding hydrological cycles, and assessing flood risks.

Understanding the distinction between these categories provides insight into how RAWS contributes to environmental monitoring. The other options represent various types of sensors that may not be the primary focus of RAWS. While thermal, optical, mechanical, electronic, infrared, and ultrasonic sensors play roles in different contexts, they do not specifically encapsulate the main functions of RAWS as effectively as the meteorological and hydrological sensors do.